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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

中国驻德使馆就近来德政客访台表明严正立场******

　　中新网柏林1月8日电 当地时间6日，中国驻德国大使馆就近来德政客访台表明严正立场。

　　驻德使馆表示，中方注意到近来德台往来动向和关于德自民党议员访台计划的报道，并对此及其无视“台独”势力及其支持者对中国主权和领土完整挑衅、混淆台湾问题与乌克兰问题的本质、公然为台民进党当局“倚美谋独”和美方“以台制华”背书、煽动阵营对抗、对中方对台政策进行断章取义、恶意解读的言论，表示强烈不满和坚决反对。

　　驻德使馆指出，世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分，是国际社会的普遍共识和国际关系基本准则，也是中国与包括德国在内其他国家建立和发展外交关系的政治基础，不容动摇。德方包括议员不得与台湾进行任何形式的官方交往，是一中原则的应有之义。以支持所谓“民主自由”之名去挑战中国国家主权和领土完整，挑动分裂与对抗，严重违反联合国宪章。拿乌克兰问题同台湾问题类比，更是缺乏历史常识，有意歪曲历史事实、混淆视听。

　　驻德使馆表示，佩洛西访台及当前事态表明，台海和平稳定的最大威胁来自台湾和国际上的“台独”分裂势力及其变本加厉的分裂行径。两岸同胞都是中国人，有着血浓于水的亲情。习近平总书记在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会上再次强调，中方坚持以最大诚意、尽最大努力争取和平统一的前景，但针对外部势力干涉和极少数“台独”分裂分子及其分裂活动，保留采取一切必要措施的选项。这是主权国家的权利。

　　驻德使馆表示，2022年是中德建交50周年。中方不会忘记，谢尔、根舍等老一辈自民党领导人曾对中德关系的建立和发展起到了“四两拨千斤”的作用，作出了巨大贡献。当前中德都面临着新的形势和挑战，相互尊重、求同存异、互利合作符合双方的共同利益。中方希望参与执政的自民党及其议员展现作为传统政党的眼界和格局，以双边关系大局和台海和平与稳定为重，切实尊重中方核心利益，恪守一个中国原则，明确反对“台独”分裂，不与台开展任何形式的官方往来，不向“台独”势力发出错误信号，不忘两国建交时的初心，承担起作为参政党的责任，以确保中德关系行稳致远！(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）